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World Health Organization (WHO) has indicated that smoking is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Despite knowing the serious health risks of smoking, it continues to be one of the most common unhealthy habits in Arab societies. This article reviews the health risks associated with smoking and ways to quit.

Smoking is a widespread and harmful habit that involves inhaling the smoke produced by burning tobacco, which contains many toxic chemicals such as nicotine, tar, and carbon monoxide. These chemicals damage various organs in the body and increase the risk of many serious diseases. Despite numerous awareness campaigns around the world, many people continue to suffer from the consequences of smoking products.

Harms of Smoking:
Smoking has many dangers, whether in the short or long term:

Short-Term Smoking Changes:

• •  Bad breath and yellow teeth.
• •  Persistent cough and increased phlegm production.
• •  Difficulty breathing, especially during physical exertion.
• •  Reduced sense of taste and smell.
• •  Reduced blood flow to the skin, causing wrinkles and premature aging.
• •  Increased risk of infections, such as colds and flu.
• •  Increased risk of gum disease and tooth decay.
• •  Increased risk of respiratory problems such as bronchitis and pneumonia.

Long-Term Smoking Changes:

• •  Cancer: Smoking is a major cause of several types of cancer, including lung cancer, mouth cancer, throat cancer, esophagus cancer, kidney cancer, bladder cancer, pancreas cancer, and stomach cancer.
• •  Respiratory Diseases: Smoking causes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema, leading to shortness of breath and coughing.
• •  Cardiovascular Diseases: Smoking increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, and arteriosclerosis.
• •  Diabetes: Smoking increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and worsening its complications.
• •  Reproductive and Sexual Health Problems: Smoking negatively affects fertility in both men and women. It also increases the risk of complications during pregnancy, such as premature birth and low birth weight.
• •  Weakened Immune System: Smoking weakens the immune system, making the body more susceptible to infections.
• •  Bone and Joint Problems: Smoking increases the risk of osteoporosis and fractures.
• •  Eye Problems: Smoking increases the risk of cataracts and macular degeneration, leading to vision loss.
• •  Skin and Hair Problems: Smoking causes premature aging of the skin, wrinkles, and hair loss.

Quitting Smoking

Although quitting smoking may seem difficult, its health benefits are enormous and immediate. The decision to quit smoking is one of the best health decisions a person can make. Within hours of quitting, the body begins to recover. Nicotine levels in the blood decrease, and carbon monoxide levels in the blood decrease, leading to improved oxygen delivery to the tissues. Within weeks or months, the respiratory system can begin to heal.

There are many effective tips and strategies that can help you quit smoking, including:

• •  Seeking support from family and friends.
• •  Setting a specific date to quit.
• •  Avoiding triggers that make you want to smoke.
• •  Seeking professional help, such as a doctor or a smoking cessation specialist.
• •  Using nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) or medications that help reduce cravings.
• •  Finding alternative activities to smoking.
• •  Adopting a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise and a balanced diet.
• •  Drinking plenty of water.
• •  Practicing relaxation techniques, such as yoga or meditation.
• •  Avoiding places where smoking is allowed.
• •  Setting realistic goals and rewarding yourself for achieving them.